| Landgrave Frederick | |
|---|---|
| Landgrave Frederick of Hesse-Cassel | |
| Spouse | Princess Caroline of Nassau-Usingen |
| Issue | |
| Landgrave William of Hesse-Kassel Karl Friedrich Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig Karl Georg Karl Luise Karoline Marie Friederike Marie, Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz Princess Augusta, Duchess of Cambridge |
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| House | House of Hesse-Cassel |
| Father | Frederick II, Landgrave of Hesse-Cassel |
| Mother | Princess Mary of Great Britain |
| Born | 11 September 1747 Kassel |
| Died | 20 May 1837 (aged 89) Rumpenheim Castle, Kassel |
| Religion | Lutheranism |
Landgrave Frederick III of Hesse-Kassel (11 September 1747 – 20 May 1837), born Prince Frederick of Hesse, was a younger member of the dynasty that ruled the Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel) and a Danish general.
He was born as the youngest son of Hereditary Prince Frederick of Hesse-Kassel (the future Landgrave Frederick II) and Princess Mary of Great Britain. He was the last surviving grandchild of George II of Great Britain, dying one month before his first cousin twice removed, Victoria ascended to the throne.
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His father, the then hereditary prince (who reigned from 1760 and died in 1785) had in 1747 left the family and soon converted Catholicism, and in 1755 formally ended the marriage. The young prince Frederick, together with his two elder brothers, were with their mother the landgravine Mary and became since 1747 fostered by Protestant relatives and soon moved to Denmark, to be guests of her sister Louise of Great Britain who however died in 1751. His two elder brothers married Danish princesses, their first cousins, in 1763 and 1766 respectively. They remained in Denmark, becoming its important lords and royal functionaries. Only his eldest brother returned to Kassel, in 1785 when ascending the landgraviate.
He married Princess Caroline of Nassau-Usingen (4 April 1762 Biebrich - 17 August 1823 Offenbach), a remarkable heiress of a family which went extinct in male line. Her inheritance included the castle of Rumpenheim, Offenbach, which became the family's seat.
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